Expanding Non-Insulin CGM Applications

This month’s CGM research focus

A growing body of evidence reflects a broader shift in how CGM is being evaluated and integrated into diabetes care. Rather than serving solely as a monitoring technology, CGM is increasingly studied as a tool that may help patients understand the impact of daily behaviors, support more informed clinical conversations, and provide actionable data across diverse care environments. 

CGM in Type 2 Diabetes Not Taking Insulin

A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Guide Food Choices and Diabetes Self-Care in People with Type 2 Diabetes not Taking Insulin

Study type

Multicenter randomized controlled trial 

What was studied?

Researchers evaluated whether CGM could help adults with type 2 diabetes not using insulin improve glycemic outcomes through greater awareness of food choices and lifestyle behaviors. Participants were randomized to CGM alone or CGM combined with a food-logging application and followed for six months.

Key findings

• Significant reductions in time above range (>180 mg/dL) were observed in both study groups.  
• Time in range increased substantially over the study period.  
• Participants experienced reductions in both HbA1c and body weight by six months.
• Improvements occurred despite minimal medication changes during the first three months.

Why it matters

CGM may serve as more than a monitoring device, helping patients connect food choices with glucose patterns and supporting self‑management in adults with type 2 diabetes not using insulin.  

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CGM and Anti-Diabetes Medications

Exploring Combined Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Anti-Diabetes Medications on Glycaemic Control for People With Type 2 Diabetes Not Using Insulin

Study type

Retrospective observational analysis (administrative claims and linked laboratory data)

What was studied?

This real‑world analysis evaluated whether CGM use in adults with type 2 diabetes not using insulin was associated with different glycemic outcomes when used alongside commonly prescribed anti‑diabetes medications. More than 52,000 adults were included in the analysis.

Key findings

• CGM use was associated with greater HbA1c improvement compared with non‑use.
• Greater glycemic improvement was observed among CGM users across multiple medication classes.
• Association between CGM use and HbA1c reduction was greater among individuals using GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas.
• Findings support the growing body of real‑world evidence evaluating CGM in non‑insulin‑treated type 2 diabetes.

Why it matters

As clinicians increasingly manage patients using multiple therapies, understanding how CGM may complement existing treatment approaches is becoming more important. This study contributes to real‑world evidence exploring how CGM may fit into broader diabetes management strategies.

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Hospital Discharge and Type 2 Diabetes

Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Following Hospital Discharge of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Study type

Prospective, non‑randomized clinical study

What was studied?

Investigators evaluated the feasibility and clinical impact of initiating CGM at hospital discharge among adults with type 2 diabetes. The study examined glycemic outcomes, CGM utilization, remote monitoring, and healthcare utilization during the transition from inpatient to outpatient care.

Key findings

• Significant reductions in HbA1c were reported during follow‑up.
• Time in range improved over the 12‑week study period.
• Most participants successfully generated CGM data after discharge.
• CGM initiation at discharge was feasible and safe.

Why it matters

Hospital discharge represents a vulnerable period for people with diabetes. These findings contribute to a growing evidence base supporting the potential role of CGM in care transitions and ongoing diabetes management following hospitalization.

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CGM and Glycemic Control in T2D

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Frequency and Glycemic Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes

Study type

Retrospective, propensity score‑matched, cross‑sectional study

What was studied?

Investigators evaluated the association between CGM use frequency and glycemic control over 12 months among adults with type 2 diabetes. The analysis used claims and electronic medical record data collected from 2019 through 2023. Adults aged 18 years or older with baseline HbA1c values between 7.0% and 15.0% were included. Participants were stratified according to CGM use frequency ranging from 1–90 days of sensor use up to more than 270 days of sensor use over a 12‑month period and were compared with a propensity score‑matched cohort that did not use CGM.

Key findings

• Participants with the highest CGM use frequency (>270 days/year) experienced greater HbA1c reductions at 12 months compared with those who did not use CGM.
• The largest HbA1c reductions among CGM users occurred at approximately 3 months after CGM initiation.
• In participants with moderate CGM use (>90 to 270 days), no additional glycemic improvement was observed after approximately 6 months, whereas improvements were sustained through 12 months among those with the lowest (1–90 days) and highest (>270 days) levels of CGM use.
• Among individuals in the highest‑frequency CGM group, addition of a GLP‑1 receptor agonist was associated with further HbA1c improvement compared with controls.

Why it matters

This study suggests that more frequent and sustained CGM use is associated with greater improvements in glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes. The authors identified approximately 6 months after CGM initiation as a key time point for clinicians to assess ongoing use, address potential barriers to continued utilization, and reinforce strategies that support long‑term engagement.

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